'NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 4: Food Security in India (Dr. Manishika) | English | CBSE'

Posted Apr 8, 2023

'Dr. Manishika Jain in this lecture talks about NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 4; Food Security in India Food Security = Buffer Stock + PDS Availability of food: Domestic Production, Imports & previous stock Accessibility:  Within reach of every person. Affordability: Ample money to buy sufficient, safe and nutritious food for one’s needs Why food security? For BPL families  Natural Disaster – Earthquake, Drought, Flood, Tsunami  Famine: Deaths by starvation & epidemics by contaminated water  1942 – Devastating famine of West Bengal Famine affected areas: Kalahandi and Kashipur in Orissa, Baran district of Rajasthan, Palamau district of Jharkhand  How are Food Insecure? Landless people with little or no land to depend upon Traditional artisans Providers of traditional services Petty self-employed workers Destitute including beggars Ill-paid occupation Casual Labour  Social Composition – SC, ST, sections of OBCs Natural Disasters Pregnant & nursing mothers Children under age of 5 years Incidences High incidence of poverty, tribal and remote areas Regions more prone to natural disasters  Uttar Pradesh (E & SE), Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra - largest number of food insecure people in India Hunger Expression of poverty Chronic: inadequate diet in terms of quantity and quality – low income group Seasonal: food growing and harvesting cycles – common in rural (seasonal variation) & urban (causal labour) Global Hunger Index International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) calculates GHI scores - Components Undernourishment: Proportion of undernourished as percent of the population (reflect population with insufficient caloric intake) Child wasting: Proportion of children under 5 years who suffer from wasting (low weight for their height, reflect acute undernutrition) Child stunting: Proportion of children under 5 years who suffer from stunting (low height for their age, reflecting chronic undernutrition) Child mortality: the mortality rate of children under the age of five  2015 revision: Replaces child underweight as two indicators of child under-nutrition as child wasting and child stunting   Chapters:  0:00 Introduction: NCERT Class 9 Economics Chapter 4: Food Security in India 0:09 Food Security = Buffer Stock + PDS 2:09 Why Food Security 3:52 How are Food Insecure 5:01 Incidences 5:32 Hunger 7:04 Global Hunger Index 8:22 GHI – India 9:25 How India Compares with its Neighbours 9:43 What makes up India’s Hunger? 9:59 Definitions 10:11 Malnutrition 10:40 Undernutrition 10:46 Hunger 13:25 How the Public Distribution System Works 14:46 PDS 15:13 Rationing in India 16:07 Revamped & Targeted PDS 17:08 PDS Benefits 18:03 PDS – Limitations  #Hunger #Harvesting #Inadequate #Incidences #Insecure #Epidemics #Earthquake #Starvation #Contaminated #Nutritious #Affordability #Manishika #Examrace  GHI - India 2015: India ranked 97 out of 118 nations Below India: Extremely poor African countries - Niger, Chad, Ethiopia and Sierra Leone & 2 India\'s neighbours: Afghanistan and Pakistan Above India: Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal and China  Definitions Hunger: Distress associated with lack of food. FAO defines food deprivation, or undernourishment, as the consumption of food that is not sufficient to provide the minimum amount of dietary energy that each individual requires to live a healthy and productive life, given his or her sex, age, stature and physical activity level. Undernutrition: Beyond calories and signifies deficiencies in any or all of the following: energy, protein, or essential vitamins and minerals. Due to inadequate intake of food in terms of either quantity or quality, poor utilization of nutrients due to infections or other illnesses, or a combination of these factors.  Malnutrition: Undernutrition + overnutrition (problems of unbalanced diets, too many calories, with or without low intake of micronutrient-rich foods).  India is aiming at Self-sufficiency in Foodgrains since Independence Green revolution – Wheat followed by rice, highest in Punjab & Haryana Buffer Stock: Stock of foodgrains, namely wheat and rice procured by the government through Food Corporation of India (FCI) Minimum Support Price: Farmers are paid a pre-announced price for their crops, declared before sowing season – incentive Issue Price: Distribute foodgrains in the deficit areas and among the poorer strata of society at a price lower than the market price   PDSAntyodaya cards for poorest of the poor BPL cards for those below poverty line APL cards for all others Rationing in India Started in 1940s Acute shortage in 1960s  PDS benefits   For details on IAS visit https://www.examrace.com/IAS/IAS-FlexiPrep-Program/  For competitive exam preparation visit  https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/' 

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